Fish for a country pond
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Commercial fish in a country pond are most often brought in for the same reason as chickens — so that there is something to serve at the table. Although, with a competent approach, the presence of a large reservoir and a commercial vein, this process can also be turned into a business.
But before putting the fish into the pond, it is worth considering a few important points.
- Not every pond is suitable for fish breeding, because its size and depth matter.
- Each breed of fish has its own requirements for habitat and nutrition.
- In the same pond, competing fish, in which the “riders” are identical, will not be able to live, unless the pond is very large.
Given the small size of the country pond, I can recommend the following types of fish for breeding.
CARP (golden and silver) — the most unpretentious fish, but as for me, very bony 🙂 Nevertheless, it is very popular and tenacious.
This fish will live in almost any pond: muddy, silty, shallow, with little oxygen. And if the conditions turn out to be critical, then it will simply burrow into the bottom silt, fall into suspended animation and will remain in this state until the situation improves.
The crucian lives mainly in flocks. Only large individuals can afford to live separately.
In a small pond, crucian carp will grow no more than a palm, if you do not provide him with an enhanced diet. And since the fish is omnivorous, it is not difficult to feed it.
Crucian spawns at the age of three to four years at a water temperature of +140C, and several times per season, when the aquatic environment reaches this optimum value.
An interesting fact is that crucian carp can only breed if there are females. They lay eggs, and other types of fish provide it with milk. With this method of reproduction, only females are born. To ensure the breeding process, crucian carp are often brought along with carp.
CARP (ordinary and mirror) is valued for its high taste and quick weight gain, however, it is just as voracious and demanding on the environment, but don’t let that scare you — its «rider» is clear and quite doable.
Mature age of the breed is 3-6 years. For reproduction, carp needs a «puddle» 0.5-1.5 meters deep, connected to a pond. Optimum temperature for spawning and growth from +180From to 280C. A sufficient concentration of oxygen from 5 mg / liter, a decrease to 2 mg / l is fatal. Therefore, it is important to have a sufficient number of oxygen generator plants in the pond or an apparatus for forced enrichment of water with oxygen. When the fry grow up, they are released into the «big water».
Another important point is the acidity of the water. For carp, it is optimal within 5-10 pH. For reference, ordinary water has an acidity of about 7 pH, and the remains of plants (leaves and needles) that have fallen into the water make it acidic or alkaline. Therefore, the pond should be protected from extraneous vegetation nearby and on the surface.
In sterile water, the carp will be extremely uncomfortable, because the reservoir is stocked with fish only after the microflora has formed in it.
Carp grows relatively fast, gaining 1 kg per year, and can reach 1 m with a weight of 25 kg (this is a record maximum). On average, young animals weigh about 500-600 grams. At the same time, the fish is very voracious and for a quick weight gain, it needs top dressing with specialized feed mixtures (meal, cake, cereals, bone meal).
For wintering, carp require a depth of about 2.7 m and aeration of water (usually bundles are inserted into the water). cane with hollow stems).
PELENGAS (river) — bottom fish without excess bony. Connoisseurs equate its taste to trout. I don’t draw such analogies, but I really “respect” this fish as food.
This breed is a variety of Far Eastern mullet, it develops up to one and a half meters and seven kilograms if the water in the reservoir is warm. The ideal temperature for reproduction is from +18 to +240C, spawns in May. It lives at a depth of 3 m, loves dark and pitted places.
Pelengas feeds on benthic sediments and invertebrates, this is in the natural environment, and with artificial maintenance and to increase the mass, they feed this orderly of the bottom with special compound feeds. The fish is resistant to temperature extremes.
TOLSTOLOB (white and motley) — fatty fish of the carp family, in terms of omega content it is close to marine species (relevant for five-year-old fish), and therefore it is valued quite highly. The «meat» is tasty, though not boneless. But no one consumes small silver carps, and in adults the bone is quite large and interferes with the meal minimally.
In a small pond (from 50 m2) a couple of silver carps are brought in as a “vacuum cleaner” to clean the bottom. He lives in such limited conditions for no more than three years.
In a large pond (200-300 m2) silver carp is a welcome inhabitant, because it quickly gains weight and is of commercial value, because it grows in mass and lives up to 5-7 years.
Silver carps live in flocks, gaining weight quickly, reaching a mass of about 5 kg at the age of three. By the age of 7, they can stretch up to a meter, gaining 35 kg of live weight.
Comfortable temperature for spawning in the range +(18-20)0C, for active growth +250C. The reservoir should be actively populated with algae, from which bottom silt is subsequently formed — the natural food of silver carp. The ideal depth of the pond is 3-4 meters in the presence of shallows, where this fish is selected at dawn and dusk.
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